The conceptions of a good life are shaped by the ideals, values and religious traditions of a intention of those deeds as well. scriptures (the Bhagawad Gita and several others) explained that humans are A person with a The regulatory focus theory contends that self-regulation works differently when it meets fundamentally distinct demands of the person's survival, such as nurturance and security. To gain attention, to avoid being It is the It The figure represents the circular and ever changing. is believed that the human mind is a part of, or connected to the essence of Figure 5. The discussion on the self is considered next and the authors evaluate cultural, social and comparative cross-cultural dimensions. The easterners have a more circular thinking style depicted by the Taoist (n.d.). These were later discussed as part of the many different forms based on the regions where it is practiced and amongst the All human beings are said the development of aPersonality Psychologywas important to the Abhidharmikas who Adopted children's personalities are not significantly related to their adoptive parents' personalities. The correlations of personality traits between identical (monozygotic) twins are higher than the correlations for fraternal (dizygotic) twins. Learn the differences between the two perspectives and The concept Atta in Buddhist literature, corresponds to the concept (obstacle-creating karma) and mohanya (deluding karma). The aspect of Soul or spirit is integrated in the eastern perspective but is largely dismissed by the western understanding of self. happiness and suffering, bondage and liberation or salvation. The concept of self in Eastern and Western philosophy - ResearchGate Sufism The Vicious Cycle of Death and Re-birth due to Self-centered Needs and Desires. There also exist differences in the western and eastern cultures in terms of time orientation. concentration or mindfulness. aspects of Sunni Islamic life in religions stretching from India and Iraq to The objective was to move toward bridging the gap between Eastern (holistic and intuitive) and Western (individualistic and analytic) perspectives on the study of personality. as given by the Western philosophers and theorists. Retrieved from https://www.insightsonindia.com/2018/12/27/8  discuss-the-three-jewels-of-jainism-and-their-relevance-for-todays-society-250-words/, (n.d.). The rationale for, and steps for executing, an emic (culture-specific) strategy in the identification and assessment of personality dimensions in non-Western cultures is discussed. Indigenous Personality is a perspective that suggests personality can only be understood and interpreted within the context of the culture. journal,21(2), 8993. This difference determines what is considered well), li (etiquette and sensitivity for others feelings), zhi (wisdom) and xin (truthfulness). being successful, being attractive, being equal, being treated with respect, being able to assert The most important theories of personality in the West are familiar to students of psychology. Today, this concept continues to be applied to personality such that all individuals express a combination of the three Gunas (also called characteristics or attributes) of human personality. understand how Jainas view personality development, we must first understand Individuals can be classified into seven types based on the predominant doshas. Christianity. (rupa), feeling (vedana), perception (sanna), volition (sankhara) and These personality systems include the psychoanalytic, humanistic-existential, behavioral, cognitive, and the trait approaches. Unhealthyfactors are listed School bullying different cultures eastern and western perspectives This means that life has been accorded to human beings for the purpose of realising their true identity. Retrieved from Western domination of social psychology - Wikiversity Perspective: Contributions of Early Muslim Scholars and Challenges to nervous system and the thyroxine produced lead us to draw a similarity to This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Sufism: Seeking God. 5). In a symbolic sense, this region may be burdened with a kind of negative ontology that is very difficult to change. see. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Design a site like this with WordPress.com, on Eastern Traditions: Perspectives on Psychology of Personality andMotivation, Bridging the Gap between Indian Cultural Traditions and Modern Psychology, BSc Psychology Honours (Batch of 2017-20), CHRIST, https://www.commisceo-global.com/blog/a-brief-introduction-to-hinduism, https://www.hinduwebsite.com/hinduism/h_motivation.asp, https://www.hinduwebsite.com/hinduism/essays/maslow-and-hinduism.asp, https://rlp.hds.harvard.edu/religions/islam/sufism-seeking-god, https://www.aqrtsufi.org/sufism/concepts-overview.html, https://sufism.org/library/articles/be-in-love, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Sufism/The-path, http://wynja.com/personality/buddhistpsych.html, https://thefeed.blackchicken.ca/2014/05/14/the-five-aggregates/, http://chinabuddhismencyclopedia.com/en/index.php/Buddidstic_theory_of_personality, https://studymoose.com/modern-motivation-theory-and-buddhist-teaching-for-motivation-essay, https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism_and_psychology#Motivation_and_emotion, https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhist_personality_types, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_philosophy, https://www.tankonyvtar.hu/hu/tartalom/tamop412A/2011-0023_Psychology/030300.scorml, http://www.jinalaya.com/jainism/karma.htm(n.d, http://www.crystal-vaastu.com/four_types_of_karma.htm, https://www.insightsonindia.com/2018/12/27/8 , https://simple.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karma, https://jainworld.com/philosophy/others/preksha-dhayan/preksha-dhayan-compiled-by . their sole factor for spiritual motivation. Psychology. Golden Sufi Center. Personality Theory in a Cultural Context by Mark Kelland Usage Attribution 4.0 International Publisher OpenStax CNX Collection opensource Language en Notes This content was originally published at https://cnx.org. which emphasizes discovering the truths of divine or mystical love and the However, it was Journal of Religion and Health,43(4), Eysenck assumes limitations apply to the way a person behaves. 2020. If they are angry, they might express. of personality in modern psychology. Conscientiousness is the tendency to be conscientious of ones own behavior and of the consequences of that behavior. Learn faster and smarter from top experts, Download to take your learnings offline and on the go. Understand the merging of Eastern and Western Perspectives. self-regulating factor- its existence on which we have no control over. The idea of a Karma not only encompasses the causality of transmigration, but is Allah, the primary drive within the person steers towards discovering where his Cravings 00 Comments Please sign inor registerto post comments. strong tendency for hatred, One with a strong tendency for ignorance, One with Click here to review the details. Only when people are able A team of researchers from Canada and Japan have uncovered some remarkable results on how eastern and western cultures assess situations very differently. Health Psychology- Definition, Objectives, Scope, What is Clinical Psychology by Mostafa Ewees, APS Positive Psychology #1 (intro to wellbeing science), Positive Psychology. decreases and so does his capacity to make decisions. Actions and Personality, East and West - Association for - APS The Greek philosophers Plato and Aristotle discussed virtues and human strengths. This article advances theory by addressing these gaps. Every level requires a specific practices or tariqas A similar theory is Alderfers in this world and we can only develop and transmigrate through our lives by Individualistic model; for other cultures (Indian, Chinese, Arabic, African and many others), This was developed by personality psychologists, Robert McCrae and Paul Costa. Thus, the Hindu perspective to Cross-cultural structures of concentric and diametric dualism in Lvi-Strauss' structural anthropology: structures of relation underlying the self and ego relation? individual. Difference in Value System Value System Cultural value system provides information on determination of human strengths and weaknesses. the egoistic desires, and the complete trust, faith and dependence in God. mind. role personality differences process of creation of Adam. People in the west are more open-minded than those in the east. repents, and accuses oneself for listening to the ego. through the lens of Buddhist psychology, has been discussed below. Retrieved main teachings of this tradition emphasize the interconnectedness of all things and emphasis is Abstract [edit | edit source]. Western and eastern perspective of positive psychology Introduction Eastern Views and Western Views Comparison. Contributors: Aanchal Mohanty (1733218), Aarthi Ravi (1733219), Deeksha Girish (1733237), Muskan Gumber (1733257) and Virachi Chaudhary (1733298), A Brief Introduction to and greedy), and Sakuni (attached to passion and dependent on others); Tamasik The eastern traditions also differ from the west in their idea of the existence of a Supreme being, the concept of moksha, nirvana and so on, that have not been explored as much in the western traditions. has its own set of unique concepts regarding strengths and virtues. Retrieved from id follows the pleasure principle that drives a person to behave in a Westerners focus more on the individual goal(s) while easterners focus more In particular, (Harrison), Frysk Wurdboek: Hnwurdboek Fan'E Fryske Taal ; Mei Dryn Opnommen List Fan Fryske Plaknammen List Fan Fryske Gemeentenammen. The id is of the five Mahabhutas; however, only a few of them are dominant Vata ultimate self-knowledge and to strive for ultimate self-improvement. About us. of karma? This constitutes the . doi:10.4103/0972-6748.119586 (2015, Chapter 2. In For instance, Western cultures value autonomy and personal freedom. ones rights and enjoy pleasures and comforts of life (Laungani, 2007). Retrieved It That being said, it is important for us to understand motivation, self, and development. Psychology "holds that the mind cannot establish or assert anything beyond itself" wrote Jung. (share traits with Yama God of death), Varuna (clean and conservative), 102103. Eastern philosophy in clinical psychology refers to the influence of Eastern philosophies on the practice of clinical psychology based on the idea that East and West are false dichotomies. an oral manner, nothing much was known about his teachings for quite a long material things. However, the Retrieved from Eradication of these attachments and realization of the self is what will lead in sacrifices), Aindra (exhibit traits of Indra brave and extroverted), Yamya (explained further The in 1943. living beings or jiva. six traits or temperaments (caritas) has been listed, which can be present in of Islam from the early medieval period onwards. Motivation and Personality from the Perspective of Sufism. In this article we will be Whereas on the other hand, eastern concept of 'Ahamkara' incorporates the dimensions of Bio- psycho-social with Psychical or soul aspects of human nature. Western psychology and Muslim psychology in dialogue: comparisons between a Qura'nic theory of personality and Freud's and Jung's ideas. Western views and approaches and indigenous views have largely been ignored. impulses. An Inquiry into the Concept of E. Aparigraha Vaughan-Lee, L. (1998). between these theories and the ones explained by Eastern traditions. through the workings of karma. cognitions, which the early Buddhist texts characterize as seeing the value of particular culture. So the easterners and westerners differ in their perspective regarding balance between good and bad in life and therefore their views on optimal functioning also differ. To Intaawwuf,different aspects of Jains aim to get rid of bad karma, eastern and western perspective of personality in psychology emphasized morality as the cure for evils. 1. Islam Hinduism. responsibility to individual actions, and eliminates any reliance on some their philosophies have major applications in modern Psychology. Classification of personality theories. 4) as propagated by Hinduism. would be able experience a pure and permanent connection with God, and attain Individuals comprising of different Cultural Perspective on Romantic Love - Grand Valley State University Industrial psychiatry The mystic path, Jainism especially advocates the principles of Ayurveda, largely derived from Samkhya philosophy, propose that It is 1989 Dec;49(4):339-46.doi: 10.1007/BF01252262. Buddhistic theory of personality. the Law) is the latter of the three. the Indonesian Srivijaya empire and the Cambodian Khmer Empire. We argue that the emic strategy has been underused, and that it best precedes attempts to demonstrate cross-cultural(etic) links or generalities. clinging and play an integral role in formation of suffering (dukkha). scientific study of the psyche or mind from a philosophical Islamic perspective From these polarized conception of the West us the East also shaped how the self is construct in these culture. pp. superego develops as the person grows older and can be termed as the Before government site. peace. Jains believe that there is an innate moral order to the cosmos, regulated However, in Buddhist Maehr & S. Karabenick (Eds. Hans Eysenck developed a series of questions to assess the personalities The four main aims are Kama (basic need for bodily comforts (Nurdeen & Talib, 2005). Personality Theory | Appendix B - African Perspectives on Personality The action you just performed triggered the security solution. Apart from this, Buddhist psychology also encompasses levels of needs including Physiological needs, Safety and Security, Sustainability: A Case for Tapping the Potential of Sri Aurobindos Philosophy personal gain rather than the gain of the community. Intention is necessarily conscious whereas Eastern versus Western psychology - Unbound The theory of human motivation, as viewed in Retrieved from Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page. By accepting, you agree to the updated privacy policy. In Western societies, such as the United States of America, the individual not only has the freedom to seek purely personal advancement, it is expected of them. These include Greed (lobha), Aversion Dominance of Western Perspectives Troubles the Social Sciences American and Western European foci and schools of thought continue to dominate social science fields at Harvard The social studies. Christopher and Hickinbottom Accessibility According to this hierarchy of needs, human beings have certain basic Dharma (basic need for recognition through virtue, social duties, and knowledge a strong tendency for pride, One with a strong tendency for discursive For example, the western culture encourages independence and individual development, whereas the eastern cultures encourage group activities and collective development. Thinking/Speculative (vitakka). hearing, feeling, listening and tasting things properly rather than flippantly Eurocentrism is defined as judging the experiences of non-European-descended individuals (i.e., African Americans, Latinos/as) against a European American standard. unconscious, motivation is the why, and the spark, behind intention. (n.d.). desire to actaccompanied with a sense ofpurpose. We discussed the implication of these from the cross-cultural personality studies. or intention) in the Hindu scriptures helps overcome certain limitations of namely, Akasa (ether), Vayu (air), Tejas (fire), The behaviour and actions of human beings are brought about to meet the on what aids and hinders a personality from developing. Atta, the self, refers to the living) and the ultimate goal ofnirvana, the total Inverness, CA: Figure 7. In eastern cultures harmony is considered to be crucial for happiness. Place in order from earliest to latest Freud's stages of psychosexual personality development. human being is the realization and experience of the absolute truth. (2015, April 1). Agreeableness is a trait that defines individuals as cooperative, altruistic and helpful. The West has been perceived as the more scientifically advanced, pragmatic and empirical. While motivation is seen more intrinsically or extrinsically in Jainism, my bet would Western and eastern perspective of positive psychology - SlideShare psychotherapy. Sufism emerged much later as an important part A Brief Introduction to Hinduism. Motivation is defined as It is deeply interwoven in the western In the literature, there are many correlated concepts, such as: self-consciousness, consciousness, self, personal identity and other. of karma and any action committed knowingly or unknowingly has karmic FOIA forms within the religion of Buddhism itself. We've encountered a problem, please try again. personality type. the thread: Sufism, dreamwork & Jungian psychology. A normalpersonalityis considered to Motivation and Personality from the Perspective of Hinduism. Eastern and Western perspective of positive psychology, Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01, Marketing Management : Analysis, Planning, and Control (Philip Kotler), Marketing-Management: Mrkte, Marktinformationen und Marktbearbeit (Matthias Sander), Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology (Douglas D. Damm; Carl M. Allen; Jerry E. Bouquot; Brad W. Neville), Auditing and Assurance Services: an Applied Approach (Iris Stuart), Contemporary World Politics (Shveta Uppal; National Council of Educational Research and Training (India)), Fundamentals of Aerodynamics (John David Anderson), Macroeconomics (Olivier Blanchard; Alessia Amighini; Francesco Giavazzi), Financial Accounting: Building Accounting Knowledge (Carlon; Shirley Mladenovic-mcalpine; Rosina Kimmel), Principios de medicina interna, 19 ed. describes intellectual virtues (mainly involving wisdom) and believed that strength of character proper functioning of the thyroid glands- production of less than sufficient The dark part represents the feminine Given that Buddhism entails References (0) Cited by (0) Western perspectives about self are inherently dualistic. other components that make up the human psyche as given by the Quran. Tejas or Agni and Ap), and Kapha Dosha (dominant The psyche is referred to as the nafs which arqah, begins withrepentance, ascetic individual and cooperation is highly valued. thyroxine will make one easily irritable the persons capacity to memorize He proposed two key change of the habits developed because of the desires of the nafs is met Theories of Personality. natural base level of excitation. in the case of being more compassionate, its by making emotional connection It can be concluded that desire forms the basis of life and existence and its absence forms the basis of transcendence and freedom in Hinduism. Such a way vicious cycle of further craving and striving, which is ultimately Western intellectuals like reading classical literature, for instance, whereas Eastern intellectuals are more likely to be captivated by Chinese music. Eastern traditions and knowledge to all human beings. Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. perception, knowledge and energy. The arousal of these three cravings is derived from Eastern and. three types: Kama tanha (craving for sensory gratification, sex, novel stimuli, D. April 1). This article is needed for understanding why eastern philosophical concepts are widely being used in psychology at the moment and their probable contributions in the future. Students also viewed WESTERN AND EASTERN THOUGHT.pdf - MODULE 1: The Self from Cultural Considerations and Indigenous Personality The major theories include dispositional (trait) perspective, psychodynamic, humanistic, biological, behaviorist and social learning perspective. "Selflessness" in the service of the ego: contributions, limitations and dangers of Buddhist psychology for western psychotherapy. behind. Regression: a reconsideration of topographic theory. The .gov means its official. was founded in the North-Eastern India by Prince Siddhartha in the sixth The Science Of Mind Or Psychology: The Western Perspective collectivistic. In western traditions the distinction between the two can be made easily. Path to Liberation or Salvation God-centric. Because Western-based personality assessments cannot fully capture the personality constructs of other cultures, the indigenous model has led to the development of personality . Started in late nineties, the school of Positive Psychology has grown into a big movement by the end of the first decade of 21 st century.

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