The couple left for Batavia ten years later. The Huguenots were French Protestants who were members of the Calvinist Reformed Church that was established in 1550. For over 150 years, Huguenots were allowed to hold their services in Lady Chapel in St. Patrick's Cathedral. The fort was destroyed in 1560 by the Portuguese, who captured some of the Huguenots. Is an Index of family names appearing in "Huguenot Trails", the official publication of the Huguenot Society of Canada, from 1968 to 2003. Huguenot Trails. Most of the cities in which the Huguenots gained a hold saw iconoclast riots in which altars and images in churches, and sometimes the buildings themselves torn down. They established a major weaving industry in and around Spitalfields (see Petticoat Lane and the Tenterground) in East London. Past and current members have joined the Huguenot Society of America by right of descent from the following Huguenot ancestors who qualify under the constitution of the Society. These surnames are most common in South Africa due to the immigration of the French Huguenots to the Cape of Good Hope in the 17th century. McClain, Molly. [27] The Waldensians created fortified areas, as in Cabrires, perhaps attacking an abbey. John Gano. The country had a long history of struggles with the papacy (see the Avignon Papacy, for example) by the time the Protestant Reformation finally arrived. In the early years, many Huguenots also settled in the area of present-day Charleston, South Carolina. While the Huguenot population was at one time fairly large, these names are not now common though they are still seen in some street names and [36], Early in his reign, Francis I (r.15151547) persecuted the old, pre-Protestant movement of Waldensians in southeastern France. Page 449. [65] Most are concentrated in Alsace in northeast France and the Cvennes mountain region in the south, who still regard themselves as Huguenots to this day. After the British Conquest of New France, British authorities in Lower Canada tried to encourage Huguenot immigration in an attempt to promote a Francophone Protestant Church in the region, hoping that French-speaking Protestants would be more loyal clergy than those of Roman Catholicism. Get the full huguenotstreet.org Analytics and market share drilldown here In the 18th century Germany looked to France as the model of civilization. Such economic separation was the condition of the refugees' initial acceptance in the city. In his Encyclopedia of Protestantism, Hans Hillerbrand wrote that on the eve of the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre in 1572, the Huguenot community made up as much as 10% of the French population. After John Calvin introduced the Reformation in France, the number of French Protestants steadily swelled to ten percent of the population, or roughly 1.8million people, in the decade between 1560 and 1570. The roads to Geneva and the Valais region led to Lausanne, which was densely . In the United States, the name France is the 2,209 th most popular surname with an estimated 14,922 people with that name. This surname is listed in the (US) National Huguenot Society's register of qualified Huguenot ancestors and also in the similar register of the Huguenot Society of America. [16], Huguenots controlled sizeable areas in southern and western France. The Catholic Church in France and many of its members opposed the Huguenots. Isaac moved to Mannheim, on the Rhein River, in the German state of Baden and married a cousin and fellow French Huguenot emigrant, Esther SY (also spelled SEE), in 1657. [citation needed], Louis XIV inherited the throne in 1643 and acted increasingly aggressively to force the Huguenots to convert. [28] They were suppressed by Francis I in 1545 in the Massacre of Mrindol. The city's political institutions and the university were all handed over to the Huguenots. [103][104] The only reference to immigrant lacemakers in this period is of twenty-five widows who settled in Dover,[101] and there is no contemporary documentation to support there being Huguenot lacemakers in Bedfordshire. "[64], In the 1920s and 1930s, members of the extreme-right Action Franaise movement expressed strong animus against Huguenots and other Protestants in general, as well as against Jews and Freemasons. The persecution and the flight of the Huguenots greatly damaged the reputation of Louis XIV abroad, particularly in England. The early immigrants settled in Franschhoek ("French Corner") . [citation needed], In the early 21st century, there were approximately one million Protestants in France, representing some 2% of its population. Numerous signs of Huguenot presence can still be seen with names still in use, and with areas of the main towns and cities named after the people who settled there. Through the 18th and 19th centuries, descendants of the French migrated west into the Piedmont, and across the Appalachian Mountains into the West of what became Kentucky, Tennessee, Missouri, and other states. ", Michael Green, "Bridging the English Channel: Huguenots in the educational milieu of the English upper class.". [9] Reguier de la Plancha (d. 1560) in his De l'Estat de France offered the following account as to the origin of the name, as cited by The Cape Monthly: Reguier de la Plancha accounts for it [the name] as follows: "The name huguenand was given to those of the religion during the affair of Amboyse, and they were to retain it ever since. Effects. The battle between Huguenots and Catholics in France also . Inhabited by Camisards, it continues to be the backbone of French Protestantism. The most Hubert families were found in USA in 1880. Below is a partial list of Huguenot Ancestors who relate to current Members of the Society. Elie Prioleau from the town of Pons in France, was among the first to settle there. The first Mennonite immigrants bearing this name came to PA in the first half of the 18th century. They founded the silk industry in England. Other founding families created enterprises based on textiles and such traditional Huguenot occupations in France. Manifesto, (or Declaration of Principles), of the French Protestant Church of London, Founded by Charter of Edward VI. Some Huguenot descendants in the Netherlands may be noted by French family names, although they typically use Dutch given names. The Huguenots (/hjunts/ HEW-g-nots, also UK: /-noz/ -nohz, French:[y()no]) were a religious group of French Protestants who held to the Reformed, or Calvinist, tradition of Protestantism. A-B Adrian Agombar Ammonet Andr Annereau Appel Arabin Arbou/Harbou Arbouin Archinal Ardouin Armand Arnaud Asselin Auvache Avard Azire Bailhache Ballou Balmer/Balmier Baly Barben Barberie Bardin Barnier Barraud Barrett (Barr) Bartels Bartier/Bertier Bastet Baud Bdard Beehag (Behague) Beharell . Most came from northern France (Brittany, Normandy, and Picardy, as well as West Flanders (subsequently French Flanders), which had been annexed from the Southern Netherlands by Louis XIV in 1668-78[83]). The "Hugues hypothesis" argues that the name was derived by association with Hugues Capet, king of France,[6] who reigned long before the Reformation. Persecution diminished the number of Huguenots who remained in France. In the Manakintown area, the Huguenot Memorial Bridge across the James River and Huguenot Road were named in their honour, as were many local features, including several schools, including Huguenot High School. [88][89][90] Many others went to the American colonies, especially South Carolina. Apart from the French village name and that of the local rugby team, Fleur De Lys RFC, little remains of the French heritage. The first groups of German immigrants to the US began to arrive as early as the 1670s. A number of Huguenots served as mayors in Dublin, Cork, Youghal and Waterford in the 17th and 18th centuries. [citation needed] Mary returned to Scotland a widow, in the summer of 1561. There were also some Calvinists in the Alsace region, which then belonged to the Holy Roman Empire. FAQs; Blog; Past Newsletters; Scrapbook; Huguenot Names. Smaller settlements, which included Killeshandra in County Cavan, contributed to the expansion of flax cultivation and the growth of the Irish linen industry. [citation needed], With the proclamation of the Edict of Nantes, and the subsequent protection of Huguenot rights, pressures to leave France abated. Other editions - View all. "Identity Lost: Huguenot Refugees in the Dutch Republic and its Former Colonies in North America and South Africa, 1650 To 1750: A Comparison". Genealogical Publishing Company, Published: 1885, Reprinted: 1998. Louisiana had the highest population of Hubert families in 1840. Huguenot rebellions in the 1620s resulted in the abolition of their political and military privileges. If you would like any more information, please email admin@huguenotmuseum.org or call on 01634 789 347. gt I began Genealogy 35 years ago. The Huguenots were led by Jeanne d'Albret; her son, the future Henry IV (who would later convert to Catholicism in order to become king); and the princes of Cond. The Huguenots responded by establishing independent political and military structures, establishing diplomatic contacts with foreign powers, and openly revolting against central power. They arrange tours, talks, events and schools programmes to raise the Huguenot profile in Spitalfields and raise funds for a permanent memorial to the Huguenots. Hello. [100] In Wandsworth, their gardening skills benefited the Battersea market gardens. [citation needed], In World War II, Huguenots led by Andr Trocm in the village of Le Chambon-sur-Lignon in Cvennes helped save many Jews. Bette Davis (1908-1989), American actress, descended from the Huguenot Favor family on her mother's side. A royal citadel was built and the university and consulate were taken over by the Catholic party. Joyce D. Goodfriend, "The social dimensions of congregational life in colonial New York city". du Pont, a former student of Lavoisier, established the Eleutherian gunpowder mills. By contrast, the Protestant populations of eastern France, in Alsace, Moselle, and Montbliard, were mainly Lutherans. The bulk of Huguenot migrs moved to Protestant states such as the Dutch Republic, England and Wales, Protestant-controlled Ireland, the Channel Islands, Scotland, Denmark, Sweden, Switzerland, the electorates of Brandenburg and the Palatinate in the Holy Roman Empire, and the Duchy of Prussia. A series of religious conflicts followed, known as the French Wars of Religion, fought intermittently from 1562 to 1598. She has taught genealogy and has written books and articles on the subject, including Tracing Your Huguenot Ancestors and Tracing Your Family Tree in England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales. Around 1700, it is estimated that nearly 25% of the Amsterdam population was Huguenot. Research genealogy for Alma Levi Russell Russell, as well as other members of the Russell family, on Ancestry. It became one of the 100 foundational texts of the US Library of Congress. [citation needed] The greatest concentrations of Huguenots at this time resided in the regions of Guienne, Saintonge-Aunis-Angoumois and Poitou. [95][96] Many became private tutors, schoolmasters, travelling tutors and owners of riding schools, where they were hired by the upper class.[97]. They ultimately decided to switch to German in protest against the occupation of Prussia by Napoleon in 180607. Huguenots were Nobles, Doctors, Lawyers, Historians, Intellectuals, Craftsman and Artisans and loyal to the Crown. The origin of the name is uncertain, but it appears to have come from the word aignos, derived from the German Eidgenossen (confederates bound together by oath), which used to describe, between 1520 and 1524, the patriots of Geneva hostile to the duke of Savoy. [33] Since the Huguenots had political and religious goals, it was commonplace to refer to the Calvinists as "Huguenots of religion" and those who opposed the monarchy as "Huguenots of the state", who were mostly nobles.[34]. The British government ignored the complaints made by local craftsmen about the favouritism shown to foreigners. This ended legal recognition of Protestantism in France and the Huguenots were forced to either convert to Catholicism (possibly as Nicodemites) or flee as refugees; they were subject to violent dragonnades. The government encouraged descendants of exiles to return, offering them French citizenship in a 15 December 1790 law: All persons born in a foreign country and descending in any degree of a French man or woman expatriated for religious reason are declared French nationals (naturels franais) and will benefit from rights attached to that quality if they come back to France, establish their domicile there and take the civic oath. [59], By the 1760s Protestantism was no longer a favourite religion of the elite. Two years later, with the Revolutionary Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen of 1789, Protestants gained equal rights as citizens. His successor Louis XIII, under the regency of his Italian Catholic mother Marie de' Medici, was more intolerant of Protestantism. A French church in Portarlington dates back to 1696,[113] and was built to serve the significant new Huguenot community in the town. Louise de Coligny, daughter of the murdered Huguenot leader Gaspard de Coligny, married William the Silent, leader of the Dutch (Calvinist) revolt against Spanish (Catholic) rule. Menndez' forces routed the French and executed most of the Protestant captives. With each break in peace, the Huguenots' trust in the Catholic throne diminished, and the violence became more severe, and Protestant demands became grander, until a lasting cessation of open hostility finally occurred in 1598. Like other religious reformers of the time, Huguenots felt that the Catholic Church needed a radical cleansing of its impurities, and that the Pope represented a worldly kingdom, which sat in mocking tyranny over the things of God, and was ultimately doomed. The Berlin Huguenots preserved the French language in their church services for nearly a century. Although relatively large portions of the peasant population became Reformed there, the people, altogether, still remained majority Catholic.[16][19]. Huguenot was frequently used in reference to those of the Reformed Church of France from the time of the Protestant Reformation. After revoking the Edict of Nantes, which granted Huguenots civil rights, in October 1685, Louis XIV forbade them to leave France on pain of imprisonment, torture and death. By 1562, the estimated number of Huguenots peaked at approximately two million, concentrated mainly in the western, southern, and some central parts of France, compared to approximately sixteen million Catholics during the same period. The names displayed are those for which The National Huguenot Society has received and has on file in its archives documented evidence proving, according to normally accepted genealogical standards, that the individual listed was indeed a . Huguenot Towns; Huguenot Street Names; Places to visit; Huguenot Traces; Archive Menu Toggle. By 1707 400 refugee Huguenot families had settled in Scotland. Page 363. [46], In what became known as the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre of 24 August 3 October 1572, Catholics killed thousands of Huguenots in Paris and similar massacres took place in other towns in the following weeks. French Huguenots made two attempts to establish a haven in North America. The Protestant Reformation began by Martin Luther in Germany . 4,000 emigrated to the Thirteen Colonies, where they settled, especially in New York, the Delaware River Valley in Eastern Pennsylvania, New Jersey,[22] and Virginia. Assimilated, the French made numerous contributions to United States economic life, especially as merchants and artisans in the late Colonial and early Federal periods. Today I'm compiling a book titled, A JOURNEY THROUGH TIME: The changing fortunes of the Petit Family. While most of the settlers in Volga (and later Black Sea) villages were German, there were also settlers from other European countries. Most of these Frenchmen were Huguenots who had fled from the religious persecutions in France, and, after a sojourn in Holland, had sought a field of greater opportunity in the New World. However, enforcement of the Edict grew increasingly irregular over time, making life so intolerable that many fled the country. The availability of the Bible in vernacular languages was important to the spread of the Protestant movement and development of the Reformed church in France. Huguenot Genealogy; Places & Traces Menu Toggle. The practice has continued to the present day. [57], The revocation forbade Protestant services, required education of children as Catholics, and prohibited emigration. While many family histories are given at length . Joan Crawford (1905-1977), American actress, descended from the Huguenots, Dr Pierre Chastain and Chretien DuBois, on her father's side. Research genealogy for Franklin (Frank) L. Haas of Richland, Fountain, Indiana, as well as other members of the Haas family, on Ancestry. By 1600, it had declined to 78%,[citation needed] and was reduced further late in the century after the return of persecution under Louis XIV, who instituted the dragonnades to forcibly convert Protestants, and then finally revoked all Protestant rights in his Edict of Fontainebleau of 1685. Helped establish the Scottish weaving trade. [16] This is true for many areas in the west and south controlled by the Huguenot nobility. The WikiTree Huguenot Migration Project defines "Huguenot" to include any French-speaking Protestants (whatever branch or denomination) that left (emigrated from) their homeland (France or borderlands such as Provence, Navarre or the Spanish-Netherlands - today's Belgium) due to religious persecution or intolerance. Whilst searching for a rellie who may have gone by a surname that is the anglicised version of a French word (Francois becomming Francewar), I found a few more French names in St Peter's records. The Manakintown Episcopal Church in Midlothian, Virginia serves as a National Huguenot Memorial. They did not promote French-language schools or publications and "lost" their historic identity. Updated on January 12, 2018. [citation needed], These tensions spurred eight civil wars, interrupted by periods of relative calm, between 1562 and 1598. Among the Huguenots who left were a group of families from northern France, located near Calais, and what is now southern Belgium. (It has been adapted as a restaurantsee illustration above. The exodus brought new crafts and practices to the host nations and represented a substantial loss to the former nation states. Their Principles Delineated; Their Character Illustrated; Their Sufferings and Successes Recorded by William Henry Foote; Presbyterian Committee of Publication, 1870 - 627, The Huguenots: History and Memory in Transnational Context: Essays in Honour and Memory of by Walter C. Utt, From a Far Country: Camisards and Huguenots in the Atlantic World by Catharine Randall, Paul Arblaster, Gergely Juhsz, Guido Latr (eds), Fischer, David Hackett, "Champlain's Dream", 2008, Alfred A. Knopf Canada, article on EIDupont says he did not even emigrate to the US and establish the mills until after the French Revolution, so the mills were not operating for theAmerican revolution. That decree will only produce its effects for the future. Other descendents of Huguenots included Jack Jouett, who made the ride from Cuckoo Tavern to warn Thomas Jefferson and others that Tarleton and his men were on their way to arrest him for crimes against the king; Reverend John Gano, a Revolutionary War chaplain and spiritual advisor to George Washington; Francis Marion; and a number of other leaders of the American Revolution and later statesmen. The house derives its name from a weaving school which was moved there in the last years of the 19th century, reviving an earlier use.) Although 19th-century sources have asserted that some of these refugees were lacemakers and contributed to the East Midlands lace industry,[101][102] this is contentious. The French protestants, on the other hand, who had fled because of . Michael Thomas (Thomas-10705): Johann LeBachelle (Lebachelle-13) - according to family lore, emigrated from France to Kaiserslautern, Germany c1685. With the precedent of a historical alliancethe Auld Alliancebetween Scotland and France; Huguenots were mostly welcomed to, and found refuge in the nation from around the year 1700. The ancestral listing on our website is an "open listing" which means it is periodically updated from time to time as new information becomes available. huguenotstreet.org is ranked #2002 in the Hobbies and Leisure > Ancestry and Genealogy category and #7843378 Globally according to January 2023 data. Henry of Navarre and the House of Bourbon allied themselves to the Huguenots, adding wealth and territorial holdings to the Protestant strength, which at its height grew to sixty fortified cities, and posed a serious and continuous threat to the Catholic crown and Paris over the next three decades. This week's compilation, " France Huguenot Family Lineage Searches ," is designed to help you find your Protestant ancestors in 16 th to 18 th century France. [116] John Arnold Fleming wrote extensively of the French Protestant group's impact on the nation in his 1953 Huguenot Influence in Scotland,[117] while sociologist Abraham Lavender, who has explored how the ethnic group transformed over generations "from Mediterranean Catholics to White Anglo-Saxon Protestants", has analyzed how Huguenot adherence to Calvinist customs helped facilitate compatibility with the Scottish people.[118]. The exodus of Huguenots from France created a brain drain, as many of them had occupied important places in society. They also settled elsewhere in Kent, particularly Sandwich, Faversham and Maidstonetowns in which there used to be refugee churches. Persecution of Protestants officially ended with the Edict of Versailles, signed by Louis XVI in 1787. They were very successful at marriage and property speculation. A small wooden church was first erected in the community, followed by a second church that was built of stone. Rhetoric like this became fiercer as events unfolded, and eventually stirred up a reaction in the Catholic establishment. [86] There was a small naval Anglo-French War (16271629), in which the English supported the French Huguenots against King Louis XIII. The wars ended with the Edict of Nantes of 1598, which granted the Huguenots substantial religious, political and military autonomy. Huguenot immigrants settled throughout pre-colonial America, including in New Amsterdam (New York City), some 21 miles north of New York in a town which they named New Rochelle, and some further upstate in New Paltz. Louis XIV claimed that the French Huguenot population was reduced from about 900,000 or 800,000 adherents to just 1,000 or 1,500. Some of these French settlers were Calvinist or Reformed Protestants (Huguenots) who fled religious persecution in France. Most of the refugees from the German . The flight of Huguenot refugees from Tours, France drew off most of the workers of its great silk mills which they had built. Ancient relics and texts were destroyed; the bodies of saints exhumed and burned. This parish continues today as L'Eglise du Saint-Esprit, now a part of the Episcopal Church (Anglican) communion, and welcomes Francophone New Yorkers from all over the world. After the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685, several Huguenots including Edmund Bohun of Suffolk, England, Pierre Bacot of Touraine France, Jean Postell of Dieppe France, Alexander Pepin, Antoine Poitevin of Orsement France, and Jacques de Bordeaux of Grenoble, immigrated to the Charleston Orange district. [31] William Farel was a student of Lefevre who went on to become a leader of the Swiss Reformation, establishing a Protestant republican government in Geneva. He died on 6 May 2001, in Cudahy, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States, at the age of 70, and was buried in Cudahy, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States. In 1562, naval officer Jean Ribault led an expedition that explored Florida and the present-day Southeastern US, and founded the outpost of Charlesfort on Parris Island, South Carolina. Research genealogy for Thomas Russell of Kegworth, Leicestershire, England, as well as other members of the Russell family, on Ancestry. QC, in 1761. The French added to the existing immigrant population, then comprising about a third of the population of the city. Jean Cauvin (John Calvin), another student at the University of Paris, also converted to Protestantism. Huguenot exiles in the United Kingdom, the United States, South Africa, Australia, and a number of other countries still retain their identity.[20][21]. They were determined to end religious oppression. The Huguenots were French Calvinists, active mostly in the sixteenth century. There are many variations in spelling and not all are related. [78] Howard Hughes, famed investor, pilot, film director, and philanthropist, was also of Huguenot descent and descendant from Rev. The community they created there is still known as Fleur de Lys (the symbol of France), an unusual French village name in the heart of the valleys of Wales. [69] The largest portion of the Huguenots to settle in the Cape arrived between 1688 and 1689 in seven ships as part of the organised migration, but quite a few arrived as late as 1700; thereafter, the numbers declined and only small groups arrived at a time.[70]. Janet Gray argues that for the word to have spread into common use in France, it must have originated there in French. Augeron Mickal, Didier Poton et Bertrand Van Ruymbeke, dir.. Augeron Mickal, John de Bry, Annick Notter, dir., This page was last edited on 28 February 2023, at 16:02. The Pennsylvania-German, Volume 12 . By 1700 one fifth of the city's population was French-speaking. Family name was not found in records of the Huguenot Society several years ago, and little follow-up has been made since then, hence my interest in participating in this project. [87] London financed the emigration of many to England and its colonies around 1700. If you contact us without visiting the Museum the charge is 35 for up to two hours research, though we will discuss the likelihood of Huguenot ancestry with you, before taking your payment. [68] A group of Huguenots was part of the French colonisers who arrived in Brazil in 1555 to found France Antarctique. The ties between Huguenots and the Dutch Republic's military and political leadership, the House of Orange-Nassau, which existed since the early days of the Dutch Revolt, helped support the many early settlements of Huguenots in the Dutch Republic's colonies. Retaliating against the French Catholics, the Huguenots had their own militia. Other evidence of the Walloons and Huguenots in Canterbury includes a block of houses in Turnagain Lane, where weavers' windows survive on the top floor, as many Huguenots worked as weavers. A fort, named Fort Coligny, was built to protect them from attack from the Portuguese troops and Brazilian natives. The English authorities welcomed the French refugees, providing money from both government and private agencies to aid their relocation. [16][17], The new teaching of John Calvin attracted sizeable portions of the nobility and urban bourgeoisie. See our Huguenot Surname Cross Surname and Variations -- Christian Name Ag / Agee / Oage -- Matthieu Allaire -- Alexandre Alle / Alley / Alie / Alyer / d'Ailly -- Nicolas However, these measures disguised the growing tensions between Protestants and Catholics. Does anybody know if there was a sizeable population of French Huguenots in Leeds in the 17th and 18th Centuries? In relative terms, this was one of the largest waves of immigration ever of a single ethnic community to Britain. Kathy is a member of the Huguenot Society. When Paul Roux, a pastor who arrived with the main group of Huguenots, died in 1724, the Dutch administration, as a special concession, permitted another French cleric to take his place "for the benefit of the elderly who spoke only French". The Huguenots are generally well-documented and it is often possible to trace them to their French home town. Although the exact number of fatalities throughout the country is not known, on 2324 August, between 2,000[48] and 3,000[49][50][51] Protestants were killed in Paris and a further 3,000[52] to 7,000 more[53] in the French provinces. Amongst them were 200 pastors. Overall, Huguenot presence was heavily concentrated in the western and southern portions of the French kingdom, as nobles there secured practise of the new faith. Konstanze Dahn (real name Constanze Le Gaye) (1814-1894), German actress. He wrote in his book, The Days of the Upright, A History of the Huguenots (1965), that Huguenot is: a combination of a Dutch and a German word. [63] It states in article 3: "This application does not, however, affect the validity of past acts by the person or rights acquired by third parties on the basis of previous laws.

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