1.Introduction. b. dorsal horn b. Sensory afferent neurons possess long dendrites and short axons. d. Nuclei. A) short distance hyperpolarization C) Sodium gates will open first, then close as potassium gates open. Which of the following is not characteristic of neurons? 56. C) proteins have been resynthesized Which component has a role in the postsynaptic cell during synaptic activity? Neurons are the cells that make up the brain and the nervous system. B) A nerve impulse occurs if the excitatory and inhibitory effects are equal. 15. Neurons can function optimally for over 100 years. The inhibitory extracelluar matrix consists of chemicals that: a. midbrain. c. cause the release of neurotrophins. 75. The parts of neurons that receive information from other neurons are called: 4. Briefly describe 6 effects this division has on the body. A second nerve impulse cannot be generated until ________. D) positively charged and contains more sodium, If a motor neuron in the body were stimulated by an electrode placed about midpoint along the length of the axon ________. Extrapyramidal side effects produced by antipsychotic drugs are similar to the symptoms of: A researcher found that a drug increased heart rate. C) depolarization 39. B. DI) They have an exceptionally high metabolic rate. Which of the following best describes the function of astrocytes? 12. In myelinated axons the voltage-regulated sodium channels are concentrated at the nodes of Ranvier. During depolarization, the inside of the neuron's membrane becomes less negative. b. forebrain. Which of the following cells are not found in a connective tissue? 70. . . The concentration of __ is higher inside than outside the cell. In each of the following sentences, circle the phrase following the subject. 23 We detected neurons and extracted temporal components from the calcium imaging data (Figure 2 C) with the CNMF-E toolbox. Which of the following are true about neurons? d. RNA. B) amino acid Neurons that carry impulses the central nervous system to the muscles or glands are called neurons or motor neurons. What structural classification describes this neuron? The axon c. The dendrites d. The Nissl bodies. (a . The autonomic has two divisions: the sympathetic and parasympathetic. Neurons differ in their morphology and function. Select the correct statement regarding synapses. 19. What is the direct role of neurotransmitter at a chemical synapse? d. gyri. likely true? This may account for the cycles of relapse and remission in different patients. Which of the choices below describes the ANS? group cfibers are not capable of salatory conduction. a. visual information. b. hypothalamus. c. meninges. 59. a. The cerebellum is located in the: inability to divide by mitosis long cell life span (longevity) high aerobic metabolic rate ability to survive in anaerobic (Uithout oxygen) conditions. a. alertness. The small layer of tissue surrounding the cerebral aqueduct in the brain is called: The function of neurons is to communicate information from one part of the body to other parts. These K+ ions decrease the positive ion concentration momentarily below the normal -70mV and thus hyperpolarize the cell. Which functional classification of neurons is the most numerous? c. somatic nervous system. They secrete acetylcholine. a. the person had neurons that did not form correctly during neural development. (c) They have an exceptionally high metabolic rate. Which of the following is not a structural feature of a neuron? The person would have impaired movement while the drug's effects were active. A postsynaptic potential is a graded potential that is the result of a neurotransmitter released into the synapse between two neurons. It is shown that localized co-injection of lidocaine derivative QX-314 and receptor agonists is able to block cold sensitivity in mice in a targeted way, with implications for treating cold pain associated with injury and disease. b. Microglial cells The thalamus routes all types of sensory information except: a. the hippocampus. 29. A) nuclei D) voltage regulated repolarization, Neuroglia that control the chemical environment around neurons by buffering potassium and recapturing neurotransmitters are ________. c. cause imbalance. Cedric S Raine. During depolarization, the inside of the neuron's membrane becomes less negative. Discover and discuss the meaning of dendrites, axon, membrane polarization, membrane depolarization, and synapses. The GBA gene encodes the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase (GCase). Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of neurons? A) acetycholine b. Constricted airways c. end terminus. channels open Influx of Na+ AP regenerated in c. Generate ATP. 1.Sensory. a. anchor neurons to blood vessels. Which cranial nerve receives sensory information from the heart, liver, and intestines? In general, neurons cannot be replaced if destroyed. C) neurolemma Which of the following is not characteristic of neurons? likely to occur? b. Preganglionic neurons are short and synapse in ganglia located near the spinal cord. 57. Which nervous system subdivision is a chain of two motor neurons consisting of a preganglionic and a postganglionic neuron? The part of a neuron that sends neurotransmitters into a synapse is called a(n): 6. Neurons are found across the body but are most numerous in the brain. d. cingulate cortex. Do not divide - (neural stem cells are an exception) 3. c. working memory. Which neurons reside only within the CNS? d. ribosome transcription. the afferent division of the nervous system. A drug that reduces the activity of the amygdala would likely: b. Neurons have . c. genes. The person may have an increase in heart rate. What symptoms would a nurse focus on in his or her care of a patient with multiple sclerosis? a. Microglial cell activation Name two amino acid neurotransmitters, two catecholamines, and two peptides. are crucial for the development of neural connections. b. the medulla. a. receives input from sensory neurons b. directs activity of motor neurons that innervate muscles and glands c. contains association neurons within the brain and spinal cord d. conta, Which of the following is not a function of astrocytes? The parasympathetic nervous system prepares the body for rigorous activity. C) destroy ACh a brief period after its release by the axon endings c. lead to foreign substances entering the brain from the circulatory system. What are the two(2) functional neuron types that are structurally multipolar neurons? : Question 35 1.5 pts Which of the following is not a special characteristic/property of neurons? 69. Strong stimuli cause the amplitude of action potentials generated to increase. The greater the density of spines along dendrites, the greater a neuron's: 5. b. cingulate cortex. b. expect to find increased blood flow. 8. Although neurologic recovery is complete, amnesia for the event persists. c. gene duplication. Write a paragraph describing the o Neurons have a very long lifespan Have low mitotic activity fie cannot undergo cell division) O Ability to transmit electrical signals (i.e. In terms of function, scientists classify neurons into three broad types: sensory . Their basic function is to receive and transmit information through electrical impulses. 44. If a physician identified her patient as a low drug metabolizer, which of the following is most A substance that inhibits the activity of the cerebellum would be expected to: The contractions of skeletal muscles pull on tendons and move bones of the skeleton. Sensory receptors for touch (and pressure) respond to physical deformation of the receptors, resulting in the opening of specific mechanically gated ion channels. capacity of divide via mitosis due to absence of centrosomes. How can potentially poisonous gases like NO and CO be used by the body? c. myelin around axons. A substance that directly activates gene transcription is likely acting as a: The STN also forms a reciprocally connected network with the GABAergic external globus pallidus that converges onto common basal ganglia output neurons. What parts of a neuron are completely contained within a ganglion? _____________ is the study of how genes support the function of neurons. B) anchor neurons to blood vessels a. Doral root Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the parasympathetic division? Preganglionic neurons tend to be long, with the ganglion located in or near the effector target tissue (s). destroy ACh a brief period after its release by the axon endings. The part of a neuron that conducts impulses away from its cell body is called a(n) ________. C) negatively charged and contains more sodium. Which membrane potential occurs because of the influx of Na+ through chemically gated channels in the receptive region of a neuron? b. Collections of nerve cell bodies outside the central nervous system are called ________. a. Preganglionic neurons tend to be long, with the ganglion located in or near the effector target tissue(s). b. b. Interneurons. c. Hippocampus b. on the soma. Different types of neurons include sensory, motor, and interneurons, as well as structurally-based neurons, which include unipolar, multipolar, bipolar, and pseudo-unipolar neurons. Therefore, the axon can release one or more neurotransmitters simultaneously, creating singular or multiple events. d. that a person has autochromosomal traits. 60. d. astrocytes. What are the functional classifications of neurons? The prefrontal cortex is important for working memory function. D) all sodium gates are closed, In what way does the interior surface of a cell membrane of a resting (nonconducting) neuron differ from the external environment? Citation 17 - Citation 21 However, the effect of CH on axonal plasticity within the white matter following ischemic stroke is not known in detail. When a gene is activated, a specific DNA segment is unraveled and transcribed onto: However, the electrical impulse cannot pass directly from a nerve cell to the skeletal muscle cells to excite them. c. Inhibited digestion d. Neurons. a. norepinephrine. c. the person had a past traumatic brain injury. What is a credit line? 26. Neuroglia perform supportive functions in the brain. 78. A) An excitatory postsynaptic potential occurs if the excitatory effect is greater than the inhibitory effect but less than threshold. The interior is ________. a. Basal ganglia c. gamma aminobutyric. If an experimental drug produced physiological effects similar to nitric oxide, then a (organalle) inside them, which is necessary to formation of mitotic. d) There, In order for skeletal muscle cells to contract, they must be excited by motor neurons. B) endorphin d. tremor. D) ligand-gated channel, An impulse from one nerve cell is communicated to another nerve cell via the ________. (d) All of these are characteristic of neurons. What is an example of a presynaptic cell? d. transcription factor. A gap between Schwann cells in the peripheral system is called a(n) ________. They are electrically excitable cells which generate action potentials. c. in the synapse. Identify the neuron type described: Two functional neuron types that are structurally multipolar neurons. Fill in the blank. 1. 2. Which of the following is not a characteristic of neurons? 2.Motor. Saltatory conduction is made possible by ________. D) ATP and other purines c. provide the defense for the CNS. b. increased heart rate. They propel cellular components along microtubules. a. reduced cerebrospinal fluid. Enkephalins and endorphins are peptides that act like morphine. d. Interneurons, 16. formation. Anatomy and Physiology questions and answers. In the case of nerve . Stimulation of initial axon segment a. periaqueductal gray. Which cells in the brain remove normal cellular waste? Which of the following is NOT characteristic of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system? Which of the following is not true concerning the structural classification of neurons? b. cerebrospinal fluid. d. the structure is anterior to the area. Imagine a neuron that has several hundred axonal knobs impinging on it. a. Somatic Nervous System B) analyzes sensory information, stores information, makes decisions (a) They conduct impulses. B) A nerve impulse occurs if the excitatory and inhibitory effects are equal. 13. 79. Efferent nerve fibers may be described as motor nerve fibers. Is the information in this quote about afferent of efferent? Classify neurons according to their structure. D) generator potential. C) They increase amplitude as they move away from the stimulus point.

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